- Combine 4 cups of the water with all other ingredients (except turkey) in a large pot, big enough to fit the turkey. Heat ingredients long enough to melt brown sugar and salt, about 5 minutes. Stir in remaining cold water to bring the temperature down. Cool brine to room temperature or refrigerate to chill.
- While brine cools, remove giblets, neck, and gravy packet from the cavity of the turkey. Rinse turkey well inside the cavity and outside. Submerge turkey in brine and cover. Refrigerate for 12-24 hours.
- Remove turkey from brine and rinse with water. Pat outside and cavity of turkey dry with paper towels and let dry for 30 minutes at room temperature.
- In the meantime, preheat oven to 350ºF. Add 1-2 cups of water to a roasting pan and insert the roasting rack. Place turkey on roasting rack and coat with softened butter on skin and in the cavity. Season with salt and pepper if desired. Roast for approximately 2 hours and 30 minutes or until internal temperature taken in the thickest part of thigh meat reaches 165ºF.
- Allow turkey to rest at room temperature for 20 minutes, tented with foil, before carving.